Jelly Fish
- May 5
- 2 min read

The Role of Mangroves in Coastal Ecosystems

What are mangroves?

Mangroves, vital coastal ecosystems, play a pivotal role in supporting biodiversity and providing crucial coastal protection. These unique habitats are under siege from a myriad of threats, including coastal development, urban encroachment, and the rapid disappearance of mangrove forests [1][2]. The alteration of their topography and hydrology not only impacts their survival but also hinders their ability to regenerate and adapt to environmental change [3]. Understanding the significance of mangroves in coastal ecosystems and addressing the perils they face is essential to ensure their preservation and the myriad benefits they provide to both humans and wildlife [4].

Mangroves and Biodiversity

Mangrove ecosystems are renowned as biodiversity hotspots, harbouring a myriad of species from marine life, such as fish, crabs, shellfish, and sea turtles, to birds and insects [5][6]. These unique habitats provide a home for a wide variety of species, including the fascinating proboscis monkey, the enigmatic fishing cat, and the amphibious mudskippers [7][8]. Additionally, mangroves serve as a vital nursery and refuge for many marine species and are a crucial habitat for birds, reptiles, and invertebrates [8]. However, the alarming rise in deforestation and the looming danger of sea-level rise have placed the area's biodiversity at risk, with valuable habitats being lost and species such as the Bengal tiger facing the threat of extinction [5]. Understanding and addressing the perils faced by mangrove ecosystems are essential to ensure the preservation of their invaluable biodiversity [3].

Mangroves and Coastal Protection

Mangroves play a crucial role in protecting coastlines from erosion. Their intricate root systems act as a natural barrier, helping to stabilize the shoreline and reduce the impact of waves and currents [9][10]. This not only safeguards the mangroves themselves but also provides vital coastal protection for nearby communities and ecosystems [11]. The ability of mangroves to attenuate waves and reduce coastal erosion has been well-documented, making them a valuable nature-based solution for coastal resilience [11]. By preserving and restoring mangrove habitats, we can enhance coastal protection, mitigate the impacts of sea-level rise, and safeguard the invaluable services that mangroves provide to both people and nature [12].

Mangrove Conservation

Mangroves face a myriad of threats, including urban encroachment, shrimp farming, and unsustainable tourism, which have led to their rapid disappearance and degradation [3][1]. The destruction of mangrove forests for shrimp ponds has severe consequences, impacting the ability of mangroves to provide habitat and sanctuary to wildlife and threatening their provision of fundamental ecosystem services [3]. Additionally, the loss of mangroves due to coastal development and tourism poses a severe threat to these vital ecosystems [1]. Preserving mangroves is essential, and efforts such as community-based ecological restoration and sustainable management are crucial for the conservation of these invaluable coastal forests [3][13].